Application of laser welding skills in the production category of steady growth, one after another by the pulse, from low power to high power, the thin and thick pieces, sewn to the messy shape from simple single laser welding, modern processing technology skills in the process of continuous evolution has gradually become a sophisticated. Laser welding can be divided into two parts: pulse laser welding and laser welding. Along with the progress of laser output power, especially high power CO2 laser, laser deep penetration skills at home and abroad have been developed quickly, the maximum welding depth width ratio has reached 12:1, laser welding data from general to carry out low carbon steel welding plating today zinc plate, titanium plate, aluminum plate, copper plate and ceramic materials, laser welding speed reached tens of meters per minute, the increasingly sophisticated laser welding skills, and a lot of application to the production line, in the car production line such as welding gear, car bottom and structure (including door body) of high-speed welding and has achieved great economic and social benefits.
The basic characteristics of laser: monochromatic, directional, correlation, high brightness of these common properties and the properties of the ultrashort pulse, it has tight and modern industry together, these characteristics are very suitable for welding processing. According to the general operation of the laser laser material is not the same as the classification mainly semiconductor (GaAs, InP) (Nd:YAG) laser, solid laser, gas (CO2, He-Ne) (liquid laser, tunable dye laser, etc.) of chemical lasers and free electron lasers etc.. The gas laser with gas or metal vapor as luminescent particles, it is now the most varieties, the most diverse methods to encourage the widest spread, laser wavelength region, the simple completion of high power output series, a laser is the most widely used. Solid state laser is a laser particle will be mixed in the solid matrix, the concentration ratio of gas, so as to obtain the output laser energy is relatively large, with high energy, high peak power, compact, durable features. In laser welding, the two kinds of laser are mainly used.
According to the relevant information, in Europe and the United States, the industrial countries, 50%-70% car parts are processed by laser processing to complete. During the process of laser welding and cutting, laser welding has become a standard technology in the car industry. Laser for body panel welding can be not the same thickness and has not the same appearance of the coating of metal plates welded together, then press, panel structure made of metal so can reach the most rational combination. Laser welding speed of about 4.5m/min, and very little deformation, eliminating the need for two processing. Laser welding speeds up the process of stamping parts instead of casting parts. The use of laser welding, can reduce the overlap width and some strengthening parts, but also can reduce the volume of body parts. Laser beam welding speed, easy to control and easy to merge into a sensitive production system, the laser beam to improve the product design and production cycle, reduce the waste rate of finished products.
